MADRID .- (AGENCIALAVOZ.ORG) Mortality from tuberculosis has fallen by 35% since 1990. On a positive note, however, does not mask the disease remains a public health problem, since in 2009 there were 1.7 million deaths from this cause, which resulted in 4,700 deaths a day, according to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO).
In the document, the health agency welcomes to follow this downward trend may be possible in 2015 have reduced TB deaths by half in two decades, thereby achieving one of the Millennium Development Goals set by the UN.
The other of the challenges associated with tuberculosis, which aims to reduce its incidence, the number of new cases in a year-a half by 2015, would also be on track to be achieved. The incidence rate of the disease in 2009 was 137 cases per 100,000 population, thus prolonging the streak of declines since a peak in 2004, when there were 142 new cases of tuberculosis per 100,000 people.
In computing, 2009, WHO estimates that 9.4 million people contracted the disease that spreads through the air, of which only 7.6 million were concentrated in 22 countries, mainly in Asia and Africa.
Young adults in their most productive years are most affected by the tuberculosis bacillus, while women accounted for about one third of new cases, with 3.3 million ill. In addition, 1.1 million de seropositivos desarrollaron tuberculosis.
Trabajo por hacer
No obstante, a pesar de analizar los datos con esperanza, la OMS también reconoce que las naciones deben comprometerse más con el tema. "La tuberculosis puede curarse en seis meses si se detecta y se trata a tiempo. Pero pese a ello, todavía permitimos 1,7 millones de muertes anuales", recuerda Mario Raviglione, director del programa Stop TB de la OMS.
Entre 1995 y 2009, 41 millones de enfermos de tuberculosis recibieron con éxito un tratamiento con el que se salvó seis millones de vidas, a juicio de la propia organización.
La situación en España
Aunque suene lejana, el número de affected by the disease in rich countries is still too high, a fact largely attributable to immigration and HIV, as explained by Dr. Emilio Bouza, Chief of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, of Madrid, during a conference organized by the Foundation for Health Sciences and the Foundation Rafael del Pino, during Science Week.
TB affects 20-25 people per 100,000 population per year in Spain, although it varies from region to region. "Although the figure in question is far from that of past decades, still exceeds that of other developed countries in the same environment, "said Bouza.
" The immigrant population drink a third of cases of tuberculosis in our country ", says the specialist." Alcoholism is another major risk factor, as that the taking of immunosuppressive drugs by transplant patients or HIV carriers, "he says.
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